KNOWLEDGE REPRESENTATION
Logics for representing knowledge and drawing inferences from it, especially the defeasible, nonmonotonic, and ontological reasoning that formal knowledge systems require. The concern is representation and inference for artificial reasoning, not the epistemic modality itself.
Entries include the description logics and ontology languages (ALC, SROIQ, EL, DL-Lite, epistemic DL, ontology logic), the nonmonotonic formalisms (default, circumscription, autoepistemic, defeasible, preferential logic, nonmonotonic logic), the logic-programming and knowledge-base machinery (logic programming, answer set programming, the well-founded semantics, Datalog, belief revision, truth maintenance, abductive logic), the action and change calculi (action languages, situation, event, and fluent calculus), the argumentation frameworks (abstract argumentation, abstract dialectical and bipolar frameworks, assumption-based argumentation, ASPIC+ structured argumentation, commitment logic, Tibetan collected topics), and further representation tools (judgment aggregation, fuzzy, rough, and frame logic, formal concept analysis, paraconsistent logic).