Relevant Implication
Origin. Moh Shaw-Kwei (1950), Anderson and Belnap (1975). Antecedent must be "used" in deriving consequent. Rejects A → (B → A). Variable sharing property. Foundation for relevance logic family.
Models. Relevant derivation: every premise contributes. A → B requires shared variables. Ternary accessibility relation R in Routley-Meyer semantics. Rejects weakening for implication.
Formalism.
Relevance constraint: A → B valid only if every variable in A appears in B or the derivation essentially uses A.
Invalid in relevant logic: A → (B → A) (positive paradox) (A ∧ ¬A) → B (explosion) A → (B → B) (vacuous implication)
System R (core relevant logic): Axioms: A → A (A → B) → ((B → C) → (A → C)) A → ((A → B) → B) (A → (A → B)) → (A → B)
Rules: modus ponens, adjunction.
Variable sharing: If ⊢ A → B, then var(A) ∩ var(B) ≠ ∅.
Routley-Meyer semantics: R(a,b,c): combining info at a,b gives info at c. a ⊨ A → B iff ∀b,c(Rabc ∧ b ⊨ A ⇒ c ⊨ B)
Relevant deduction theorem: Γ, A ⊢ B implies Γ ⊢ A → B only when A is actually used.
Symbols.
| Symbol | Unicode | Name | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| → | U+2192 | Arrow | Relevant implication |
| ⊢ | U+22A2 | Turnstile | Entailment |
| R | — | Accessibility | Ternary relation |
| ° | — | Fusion | Intensional conj |
Metatheory. Decidable for propositional R. Variable sharing property. Interpolation. No disjunctive syllogism with relevant conditional. Algebraic: De Morgan monoids.
Applies to. Philosophy of logic. Paradox avoidance. Relevant conditionals. Avoiding explosion. Information flow. Connection-based reasoning.
Limitations. Weaker than classical logic. Some classical inferences blocked. Multiple systems disagree. Philosophical debates on "relevance." Not mainstream in computing.
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