Compensatory Rehabilitation⤓ .md 2026-07-15T051042.000 000000000023808 Alexander Luria and Soviet neuropsychological rehabilitation, 1940s-1970s. Developed through work with brain-injured soldiers during World War II. The approach follows from Luria's functional systems theory: if a function is damaged, intact systems can be recruited to achieve the same behavioral goal through a different route.
Dynamic Assessment⤓ .md 2026-07-15T051036.000 000000000021280 Lev Vygotsky and followers, Soviet developmental psychology, 1930s-1980s. Developed as an alternative to static IQ testing. Operationalizes the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) by measuring what a person can learn, not just what they currently know. Reuven Feuerstein later developed similar approaches independently.
Functional Systems Analysis⤓ .md 2026-07-15T045321.000 000000000020080 Pyotr Anokhin, Soviet physiology and psychology, 1930s-1970s. Theory of functional systems as an alternative to reflex arc models. Influenced cybernetics and systems thinking in Soviet science.
Neuropsychological Assessment⤓ .md 2026-07-15T045321.000 000000000020160 Alexander Luria, Soviet neuropsychology, 1940s-1970s. Developed through work with brain-injured patients during and after World War II. The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery and qualitative Lurian methods remain in clinical use.